This famous 1960's Stanford psychological experiment put young children in a room alone with the temptation of a marshmallow in front of them. The children are promised a second marshmallow if they're able to wait until the adult re-enters the room. According to experts this not only shows a child's self control and will power, it can also be a snapshot into the child's future. Subjects tested during the original experiment were followed through adulthood.
The children who were able to wait and not give in to the temptation of the marshmallow were more successful adults than those that couldn't. I'm not sure how much weight to give these findings. I just know it was a real treat watching how the kids handled it...too funny.